Total knee replacement, also referred to as total knee arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure aimed at relieving pain and restoring function in severely damaged knee joints. This comprehensive intervention involves replacing all three compartments of the knee joint with artificial materials, typically made of metal and plastic components, to recreate the joint's surface and functionality. Total knee replacement is commonly performed to address advanced degenerative conditions such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or severe knee injuries.
Ankle replacement is usually considered for individuals with advanced arthritis in the ankle joint, which can result from osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or post-traumatic arthritis following an injury. Conditions like fractures, severe sprains, or long-term wear and tear can also lead to significant cartilage loss and joint damage, causing chronic pain and impaired movement. When non-surgical treatments such as medications, physical therapy, and lifestyle changes fail to provide adequate relief, ankle replacement may be recommended to improve quality of life.
Total knee replacement surgery becomes necessary when conservative treatments like medication, physical therapy, and lifestyle modifications no longer provide sufficient relief from pain and functional limitations caused by knee joint damage. It is typically recommended when the pain and disability significantly impair daily activities and quality of life, despite attempts at other interventions.
During total knee replacement surgery, the damaged portions of the knee joint are meticulously removed and replaced with artificial components. The procedure is usually conducted under general or regional anesthesia. The surgeon makes an incision, removes the damaged cartilage and bone, reshapes the bone surface, and then implants the artificial components to recreate the knee joint's anatomy and function. Surgical techniques may vary, including traditional open surgery or minimally invasive approaches.
Following total knee replacement surgery, patients undergo a comprehensive rehabilitation program to regain strength, flexibility, and mobility in the knee joint. Physical therapy plays a crucial role in restoring function and enhancing range of motion. Pain management and adherence to postoperative instructions are vital during this phase. Most patients experience substantial improvement in pain and mobility within weeks to months after surgery, enabling them to resume daily activities with reduced discomfort and improved quality of life. Regular follow-up appointments with healthcare providers are essential to monitor progress and address any concerns.
